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Aggregated Volume - By InFinitoVolume indicator that works like a normal Volume indicator with the following additional features: - Aggregates Volume across different exchanges and Market Types - *Original Aggregation Code By Crypt0rus* - Displays data by Market Type and combinations of Market Types (Spot, Futures , Perpetuals, Futures+Perpetuals & All Volume ) - Allows for the user to select the exchanges from which to aggregate Volume (This allows for the aggregation of any other pair i.e ETH, SOL, LUNA) - Normalizes the Volume reported through TradingView by every exchange in order to homogenize the data (i.e Binance reports Bitcoin Volume in BTC terms BUT FTX reports Bitcoin Volume in USD) - Allows for manual input of how Volume is reported in a particular Pair/Exchange (i.e If you want to aggregate data from the BTCEUR pair, you can select 'Other' and introduce the Value of EUR in USD terms) COIN: Select this option if the volume is reported in terms of the asset traded ( BTC , ETH, SOL, etc....) USD: Select this option if the Volume is reported in terms of the USD amount traded OTHER: Select this option in case the Volume is reported in another currency (EUR, ETH, etc....) NOTE: *ALL VOLUME IS AGGREGATED IN TERMS OF THE ASSET TRADED, FOR EXAMPLE IN THIS CASE: BTC . BUT IF YOU'RE AGGREGATING BNB PAIRS, VOLUME WILL BE CALCULATED TO BE DISPLAYED IN BNB TERMS* Feel free to leave suggestions/questions in the comments or to message them directly to me
Indicatore Pine Script®
di In_Finito_
3
Volume Indicator VSidea take from Alexander Elder, author of: The New Trading for a Living: Psychology, Discipline, Trading Tools and Systems, Risk Control, Trade Management Meaning of colouring: - Green bar Volume: If we look back certain numbers of volume bars, higher close price and higher volume. - Blue bar Volume: If we look back certain numbers of volume bars, higher close price and lower volume. - Red bar Volume: If we look back certain numbers of volume bars, lower close price and higher volume. - Orange bar Volume: If we look back certain numbers of volume bars, lower close prince and lower volume. - Grey bar Volume: If we look back certain numbers of volume bars, same price and same volume.
Indicatore Pine Script®
di vitalizzy
3
Real Time Volume checkerThis indicator was designed to work in real time, and needs the "calculate on every tick" turned on. It verifies if the volume from the current candle is increasing more or less than the average. Example using 5 min. candles: 1 minute is 20% of the time for the candle. So, if the volume is at 20% or below of the vol.average, the market is stable(price not moving much). If at 1 minute(20% of time) volume is say, at 37%, a big move is happening. The color of the candle shows the movement direction. A gray means the volume was not important, below average. The historical candles show how much volume infuenced the price for the corresponding candle. The current candle is working REAL TIME. The blue line shows how much time has passed for the candle to complete. All candles are 100% complete(yeah, duh), except for the last one, the line touches zero at start of candle, and slowly fills up to1(1=100%)until the candle ends. INPUTS: vol MA size: sets the lenght of the volume average. set to your heard desires candle Period: set to the number of seconds in the period you chose. 5min = 300, 1h = 3600 and so on. Must be correct, or the results turn into crap Limit: the value below which the candle is a "non-important" candle. 1 = 100% of average NOTE: in the very first seconds, the indicator goes crazy. it's expected, due to computed values very close to zero used in the math. after some seconds it stabilizes :)
Indicatore Pine Script®
di deimosaffair
13
Volume-Weighted Money Flow [sgbpulse]Overview The VWMF indicator is an advanced technical analysis tool that combines and summarizes five leading momentum and volume indicators (OBV, PVT, A/D, CMF, MFI) into one clear oscillator. The indicator helps to provide a clear picture of market sentiment by measuring the pressure from buyers and sellers. Unlike single indicators, VWMF provides a comprehensive view of market money flow by weighting existing indicators and presenting them in a uniform and understandable format. Indicator Components VWMF combines the following indicators, each normalized to a range of 0 to 100 before being weighted: On-Balance Volume (OBV): A cumulative indicator that measures positive and negative volume flow. Price-Volume Trend (PVT): Similar to OBV, but incorporates relative price change for a more precise measure. Accumulation/Distribution Line (A/D): Used to identify whether an asset is being bought (accumulated) or sold (distributed). Chaikin Money Flow (CMF): Measures the money flow over a period based on the close price's position relative to the candle's range. Money Flow Index (MFI): A momentum oscillator that combines price and volume to measure buying and selling pressure. Understanding the Normalized Oscillators The indicator combines the five different momentum indicators by normalizing each one to a uniform range of 0 to 100 . Why is Normalization Important? Indicators like OBV, PVT, and the A/D Line are cumulative indicators whose values can become very large. To assess their trend, we use a Moving Average as a dynamic reference line . The Moving Average allows us to understand whether the indicator is currently trending up or down relative to its average behavior over time. How Does Normalization Work? Our normalization fully preserves the original trend of each indicator. For Cumulative Indicators (OBV, PVT, A/D): We calculate the difference between the current indicator value and its Moving Average. This difference is then passed to the normalization process. - If the indicator is above its Moving Average, the difference will be positive, and the normalized value will be above 50. - If the indicator is below its Moving Average, the difference will be negative, and the normalized value will be below 50. Handling Extreme Values: To overcome the issue of extreme values in indicators like OBV, PVT, and the A/D Line , the function calculates the highest absolute value over the selected period. This value is used to prevent sharp spikes or drops in a single indicator from compromising the accuracy of the normalization over time. It's a sophisticated method that ensures the oscillators remain relevant and accurate. For Bounded Indicators (CMF, MFI): These indicators already operate within a known range (for example, CMF is between -1 and 1, and MFI is between 0 and 100), so they are normalized directly without an additional reference line. Reference Line Settings: Moving Average Type: Allows the user to choose between a Simple Moving Average (SMA) and an Exponential Moving Average (EMA). Volume Flow MA Length: Allows the user to set the lookback period for the Moving Average, which affects the indicator's sensitivity. The 50 line serves as the new "center line." This ensures that, even after normalization, the determination of whether a specific indicator supports a bullish or bearish trend remains clear. Settings and Visual Tools The indicator offers several customization options to provide a rich analysis experience: VWMF Oscillator (Blue Line): Represents the weighted average of all five indicators. Values above 50 indicate bullish momentum, and values below 50 indicate bearish momentum. Strength Metrics (Bullish/Bearish Strength %): Two metrics that appear on the status line, showing the percentage of indicators supporting the current trend. They range from 0% to 100%, providing a quick view of the strength of the consensus. Dynamic Background Colors: The background color of the chart automatically changes to bullish (a blue shade by default) or bearish (a default brown-gray shade) based on the trend. The transparency of the color shows the consensus strength—the more opaque the background, the more indicators support the trend. Advanced Settings: - Background Color Logic: Allows the user to choose the trigger for the background color: Weighted Value (based on the combined oscillator) or Strength (based on the majority of individual indicators). - Weights: Provides full control over the weight of each of the five indicators in the final oscillator. Using the Data Window TradingView provides a useful Data Window that allows you to see the exact numerical values of each normalized oscillator separately, in addition to the trend strength data. You can use this window to: Get more detailed information on each indicator: Viewing the precise numerical data of each of the five indicators can help in making trading decisions. Calibrate weights: If you want to manually adjust the indicator weights (in the settings menu), you can do so while tracking the impact of each indicator on the weighted oscillator in the Data Window. The indicator's default setting is an equal weight of 20% for each of the five indicators. Alert Conditions The indicator comes with a variety of built-in alerts that can be configured through the TradingView alerts menu: VWMF Cross Above 50: An alert when the VWMF oscillator crosses above the 50 line, indicating a potential bullish momentum shift. VWMF Cross Below 50: An alert when the VWMF oscillator crosses below the 50 line, indicating a potential bearish momentum shift. Bullish Strength: High But Not Absolute Consensus: An alert when the bullish trend strength reaches 60% or more but is less than 100%, indicating a high but not absolute consensus. Bullish Strength at 100%: An alert when all five indicators (MFI, OBV, PVT, A/D, CMF) show bullish strength, indicating a full and absolute consensus. Bearish Strength: High But Not Absolute Consensus: An alert when the bearish trend strength reaches 60% or more but is less than 100%, indicating a high but not absolute consensus. Bearish Strength at 100%: An alert when all five indicators (MFI, OBV, PVT, A/D, CMF) show bearish strength, indicating a full and absolute consensus. Summary The VWMF indicator is a powerful, all-in-one tool for analyzing market momentum, money flow, and sentiment. By combining and normalizing five different indicators into a single oscillator, it offers a holistic and accurate view of the market's underlying trend. Its dynamic visual features and customizable settings, including the ability to adjust indicator weights, provide a flexible experience for both novice and experienced traders. The built-in alerts for momentum shifts and trend consensus make it an effective tool for spotting trading opportunities with confidence. In essence, VWMF distills complex market data into clear, actionable signals. Important Note: Trading Risk This indicator is intended for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute investment advice or a recommendation for trading in any form whatsoever. Trading in financial markets involves significant risk of capital loss. It is important to remember that past performance is not indicative of future results. All trading decisions are your sole responsibility. Never trade with money you cannot afford to lose.
Indicatore Pine Script®
di sgbpulse
The Most Powerful TQQQ EMA Crossover Trend Trading StrategyTQQQ EMA Crossover Strategy Indicator Meta Title: TQQQ EMA Crossover Strategy - Enhance Your Trading with Effective Signals Meta Description: Discover the TQQQ EMA Crossover Strategy, designed to optimize trading decisions with fast and slow EMA crossovers. Learn how to effectively use this powerful indicator for better trading results. Key Features The TQQQ EMA Crossover Strategy is a powerful trading tool that utilizes Exponential Moving Averages (EMAs) to identify potential entry and exit points in the market. Key features of this indicator include: **Fast and Slow EMAs:** The strategy incorporates two EMAs, allowing traders to capture short-term trends while filtering out market noise. **Entry and Exit Signals:** Automated signals for entering and exiting trades based on EMA crossovers, enhancing decision-making efficiency. **Customizable Parameters:** Users can adjust the lengths of the EMAs, as well as take profit and stop loss multipliers, tailoring the strategy to their trading style. **Visual Indicators:** Clear visual plots of the EMAs and exit points on the chart for easy interpretation. How It Works The TQQQ EMA Crossover Strategy operates by calculating two EMAs: a fast EMA (default length of 20) and a slow EMA (default length of 50). The core concept is based on the crossover of these two moving averages: - When the fast EMA crosses above the slow EMA, it generates a *buy signal*, indicating a potential upward trend. - Conversely, when the fast EMA crosses below the slow EMA, it produces a *sell signal*, suggesting a potential downward trend. This method allows traders to capitalize on momentum shifts in the market, providing timely signals for trade execution. Trading Ideas and Insights Traders can leverage the TQQQ EMA Crossover Strategy in various market conditions. Here are some insights: **Scalping Opportunities:** The strategy is particularly effective for scalping in volatile markets, allowing traders to make quick profits on small price movements. **Swing Trading:** Longer-term traders can use this strategy to identify significant trend reversals and capitalize on larger price swings. **Risk Management:** By incorporating customizable stop loss and take profit levels, traders can manage their risk effectively while maximizing potential returns. How Multiple Indicators Work Together While this strategy primarily relies on EMAs, it can be enhanced by integrating additional indicators such as: - **Relative Strength Index (RSI):** To confirm overbought or oversold conditions before entering trades. - **Volume Indicators:** To validate breakout signals, ensuring that price movements are supported by sufficient trading volume. Combining these indicators provides a more comprehensive view of market dynamics, increasing the reliability of trade signals generated by the EMA crossover. Unique Aspects What sets this indicator apart is its simplicity combined with effectiveness. The reliance on EMAs allows for smoother signals compared to traditional moving averages, reducing false signals often associated with choppy price action. Additionally, the ability to customize parameters ensures that traders can adapt the strategy to fit their unique trading styles and risk tolerance. How to Use To effectively utilize the TQQQ EMA Crossover Strategy: 1. **Add the Indicator:** Load the script onto your TradingView chart. 2. **Set Parameters:** Adjust the fast and slow EMA lengths according to your trading preferences. 3. **Monitor Signals:** Watch for crossover points; enter trades based on buy/sell signals generated by the indicator. 4. **Implement Risk Management:** Set your stop loss and take profit levels using the provided multipliers. Regularly review your trading performance and adjust parameters as necessary to optimize results. Customization The TQQQ EMA Crossover Strategy allows for extensive customization: - **EMA Lengths:** Change the default lengths of both fast and slow EMAs to suit different time frames or market conditions. - **Take Profit/Stop Loss Multipliers:** Adjust these values to align with your risk management strategy. For instance, increasing the take profit multiplier may yield larger gains but could also increase exposure to market fluctuations. This flexibility makes it suitable for various trading styles, from aggressive scalpers to conservative swing traders. Conclusion The TQQQ EMA Crossover Strategy is an effective tool for traders seeking an edge in their trading endeavors. By utilizing fast and slow EMAs, this indicator provides clear entry and exit signals while allowing for customization to fit individual trading strategies. Whether you are a scalper looking for quick profits or a swing trader aiming for larger moves, this indicator offers valuable insights into market trends. Incorporate it into your TradingView toolkit today and elevate your trading performance!
Strategia Pine Script®
di Pineify
1
Relative Volume (rVol), Better Volume, Average Volume ComparisonThis is the best version of relative volume you can find a claim which is based on the logical soundness of its calculation. I have amalgamated various volume analysis into one synergistic script. I wasn't going to opensource it. But, as one of the lucky few winners of TradingClue 2. I felt obligated to give something back to the community. Relative volume traditionally compares current volume to prior bar volume or SMA of volume. This has drawbacks. The question of relative volume is "Volume relative to what?" In the traditional scripts you'll find it displays current volume relative to the last number of bars. But, is that the best way to compare volume. On a daily chart, possibly. On a daily chart this can work because your units of time are uniform. Each day represents a full cycle of volume. However, on an intraday chart? Not so much. Example: If you have a lookback of 9 on an hourly chart in a 24 hour market, you are then comparing the average volume from Midnight - 9 AM to the 9 AM volume. What do you think you'll find? Well at 9:30 when NY exchanges open the volume should be consistently and predictably higher. But though rVol is high relative to the lookback period, its actually just average or maybe even below average compared to prior NY session opens. But prior NY session opens are not included in the lookback and thus ignored. This problem is the most visibly noticed when looking at the volume on a CME futures chart or some equivalent. In a 24 hour market, such as crypto, there are website's like skew can show you the volume disparity from time of day. This led me to believe that the traditional rVol calculation was insufficient. A better way to calculate it would be to compare the 9:30 am 30m bar today to the last week's worth of 9:30 am 30m bars. Then I could know whether today's volume at 9:30 am today is high or low based on prior 9:30 am bars. This seems to be a superior method on an intraday basis and is clearly superior in markets with irregular volume This led me to other problems, such as markets that are open for less than 24 hours and holiday hours on traditional market exchanges. How can I know that the script is accurately looking at the correct prior relevant bars. I've created and/or adapted solutions to all those problems and these calculations and code snippets thus have value that extend beyond this rVol script for other pinecoders. The Script This rVol script looks back at the bars of the same time period on the viewing timeframe. So, as we said, the last 9:30 bars. Averages those, then divides the: . The result is a percentage expressed as x.xxx. Thus 1.0 mean current volume is equal to average volume. Below 1.0 is below the average and above 1.0 is above the average. This information can be viewed on its own. But there are more levels of analysis added to it. Above the bars are signals that correlate to the "Better Volume Indicator" developed by, I believe, the folks at emini-watch and originally adapted to pinescript by LazyBear. The interpretation of these symbols are in a table on the right of the indicator. The volume bars can also be colored. The color is defined by the relationship between the average of the rVol outputs and the current volume. The "Average rVol" so to speak. The color coding is also defined by a legend in the table on the right. These can be researched by you to determine how to best interpret these signals. I originally got these ideas and solid details on how to use the analysis from a fellow out there, PlanTheTrade. I hope you find some value in the code and in the information that the indicator presents. And I'd like to thank the TradingView team for producing the most innovative and user friendly charting package on the market. (p.s. Better Volume is provides better information with a longer lookback value than the default imo) Credit for certain code sections and ideas is due to: LazyBear - Better Volume Grimmolf (From GitHub) - Logic for Loop rVol R4Rocket - The idea for my rVol 1 calculation And I can't find the guy who had the idea for the multiples of volume to the average. Tag him if you know him Final Note: I'd like to leave a couple of clues of my own for fellow seekers of trading infamy. Indicators: indicators are like anemometers (The things that measure windspeed). People talk bad about them all the time because they're "lagging." Well, you can't tell what the windspeed is unless the wind is blowing. anemometers are lagging indicators of wind. But forecasters still rely on them. You would use an indicator, which I would define as a instrument of measure, to tell you the windspeed of the markets. Conversely, when people talk positively about indicators they say "This one is great and this one is terrible." This is like a farmer saying "Shovels are great, but rakes are horrible." There are certain tools that have certain functions and every good tool has a purpose for a specific job. So the next time someone shares their opinion with you about indicators. Just smile and nod, realizing one day they'll learn... hopefully before they go broke. How to forecast: Prediction is accomplished by analyzing the behavior of instruments of measure to aggregate data (using your anemometer). The data is then assembled into a predictive model based on the measurements observed (a trading system). That predictive model is tested against reality for it's veracity (backtesting). If the model is predictive, you can optimize your decision making by creating parameter sets around the prediction that are synergistic with the implications of the prediction (risk, stop loss, target, scaling, pyramiding etc). <3
Indicatore Pine Script®
di kurtsmock
74
Accumulation/Distribution VolumeThis is a simple yet powerful indicator that can replace volume, Money Flow, Chaikin Money Flow, Price Volume Trend (PVT), Accumulation/Distribution Line (ADL), On Balance Volume (OBV). When "Baseline Chart" option is disabled, it looks similar to regular volume. The volume bars has two shades of green and red. The dark shade shows amount of accumulation and the light shade shows total volume (what you see on a regular volume indicator). Blue line is the moving average (or cumulative total) of A/D and the gray line is for total volume. When money volume is enabled, volume it multiplied by price. As you can see in the chart below, trade volume in terms of USD was declining after ATH. This is not the case in regular volume chart which shows instrument volume (chart above). In Baseline view, the aggregation method you choose can turn it into different indicators. With EMA/SMA aggregation, blue and gray line shows buy/sell pressure. At 0, there is not buy or sell pressure. If you turn off volume bars (from style menu), it gives you a reliable indicator to measure divergence. This should be more reliable than most other range-bound indicators (i.e. RSI, MFI, CMF). I will publish a TA about correctly measuring divergence (it's a must read even if you are a pro trader). Make sure that the length is set to a large number on smaller TFs such as 4h. For following results, set aggregation to cumulative and turn off money volume: When wick weight=0, the GRAY line is identical to OBV indicator. When normalized by spread and wick weight=10, the BLUE line is identical to ADL (improved by true range). When normalized by previous bar price, wick weight=0, the BLUE line is identical to PVT. How I use this indicator: - Baseline chart, replaced my regular volume indicator - Mostly 4h TF for divergence - EMA aggregation (and occasional cumulative aggregation) with length above 50. I change the length to 100 and 200 for confirmation. - Wick weight=0 or max 2. With this indicator, you can learn how different indicators are built and how they are different from each other. I will publish a TA to explain more about different indicators and their pros and cons. I will publish this indicator without volume bars and additional options to make it range bound.
Indicatore Pine Script®
di cI8DH
36
Divergence Indicator [Trendoscope®]🎲 New Divergence Indicator by Trendoscope Our latest Divergence Indicator revolutionizes the way traders identify market trends and potential reversals. Built upon the robust foundation of the Zigzag Trend Divergence Detector and inline with our recent implementation of the Divergence Goggles indicator, this tool is designed to be intuitive yet powerful, making it an essential addition to any trader's toolkit. We received several queries on extending the Divergence Goggles to last N bars instead of using an interactive widget. Though it is possible, we thought the better approach is to enable the indicator to use any oscillator and trend indicator in order to define the divergence. 🎯 Key Features Flexible Oscillator Integration : Choose from a wide range of built-in oscillators or import your own, including options like the innovative Multiband Oscillator. This versatility extends to using volume indicators like OBV for divergence calculations, broadening the scope of analysis. Trend Identification Versatility : Utilize built-in methods like Zigzag and MA Difference, or integrate external trend indicators. Our system adapts to various methods, ensuring you have the right tools for precise trend identification. Customizable Zigzag Sensitivity : Adjust the Zigzag based on your chosen oscillator's sensitivity to ensure divergence lines are accurate and visually coherent. Repainting vs. Delayed Signals : Tailor the indicator to your strategy by choosing between immediate repainting signals and slightly delayed but more stable signals. 🎯 Understanding Divergence: Key Rules Bullish Divergence Happens only in downtrend Observed on Pivot Lows Price makes lower low whereas oscillator makes higher low, indicating weakness and possible reversal Bearish Divergence Happens only in uptrend Observed on Pivot Highs Price makes higher high whereas oscillator makes lower high, indicating weakness and possible reversal Bullish Hidden Divergence Happens only in uptrend Observed on Pivot Lows Price makes higher low, whereas indicator makes lower low due to price consolidation. In bullish trend, this is considered as bullish as the price gets a breather and get ready to surge further. Bearish Hidden Divergence Happens only in downtrend Observed on Pivot Highs Price makes lower high whereas oscillator makes higher high due to price consolidation. In bearish trend, this is considered as bearish as the price gets a breather and get ready to fall further. 🎯 Visual Insights: Divergence and Hidden Divergence For a clearer understanding, refer to our visual guides: 🎲 Using the Divergence Indicator: A Step-by-Step Guide 🎯 Step 1 - Selecting the Oscillator Customize your analysis by choosing from a variety of oscillators or importing your preferred one. Options are available to select a range of built-in oscillators and the loopback length. However, if the oscillator that user want to use is not in the list, they can simply load the oscillator from the indicator library and use it as an external signal. In our current example, we are using a custom oscillator called - Multiband Oscillator This also means, the indicator option is not limited to oscillators. Users can even make use of volume indicators such as OBV for the calculation of divergence. 🎯 Step 2 - Choosing the Trend Identification Method Select from our built-in methods or integrate an external indicator to accurately identify market trends. Trend is one of the key parameters of divergence type identification. Trend can be identified mathematically by various methods. Some of them are as simple as above or below 200 moving average and some can follow trend based indicators such as supertrend and others can be very complex. To cater for a wider audience, here too we have provided the option to use an external trend indicator. The simple condition for the external trend indicator is that it should return positive value for uptrend and negative value for downtrend. Other than that, we also have 2 built in trend identification methods. Zigzag - The trend is defined by the starting pivot of divergence line. If the starting pivot is Higher High or Higher Low, then it is considered uptrend. And if the starting pivot is either Lower Low or Lower High, then we consider it as downtrend. MA Difference - In this case, the difference between the moving average of pivots joining the divergence line will determine the trend. It is considered uptrend if the moving average increased from starting pivot to ending pivot of the divergence line, and it is considered downtrend if the moving average decreased from starting pivot to the ending pivot of the divergence line. 🎯 Step 3 - Adjusting Zigzag Sensitivity Fine-tune the Zigzag to match the oscillator's sensitivity, ensuring divergence lines are accurate and visually coherent. 🎯 Step 4 - Managing Repainting Understand the implications of repainting in the last pivot of the Zigzag and choose between immediate or delayed signals based on your trading strategy. The last pivot of the zigzag repaint by design. This is not necessarily a bad thing. Users can just choose not to use the last pivot, but instead use the last but one for all the calculations. But, this also means, the signals will be delayed. Indicator provides option to use repainting signal vs delayed signal. If you select the repaint option, the signals are shown immediately as and when they occur. But, there is a possibility that these signals change when the new price candles change zigzag pivot. If you chose not to select the repaint option, then the divergence signals may lag by a few bars.
Indicatore Pine Script®
di Trendoscope
33
Delta Volume Candles [LucF]█  OVERVIEW This indicator plots on-chart volume delta information using candles that can replace your normal candles, tops and bottoms appended to normal candles, optional MAs of those tops and bottoms levels, a divergence channel and a chart background. The indicator calculates volume delta using intrabar analysis, meaning that it uses the lower timeframe bars constituting each chart bar. █  CONCEPTS Volume Delta ​The ​volume delta concept divides a bar's ​volume in "up" and "down" ​volumes. The delta is calculated by subtracting down ​volume from up ​volume. Many calculation techniques exist to isolate up and down ​volume within a bar. The simplest use the polarity of interbar price changes to assign their ​volume to up or down slots, e.g., On Balance Volume or the Klinger Oscillator . Others such as Chaikin Money Flow use assumptions based on a bar's OHLC values. The most precise calculation method uses tick data and assigns the ​volume of each tick to the up or down slot depending on whether the transaction occurs at the bid or ask price. While this technique is ideal, it requires huge amounts of data on historical bars, which considerably limits the historical depth of charts and the number of symbols for which tick data is available. Furthermore, historical tick data is not yet available on TradingView. This indicator uses intrabar analysis to achieve a compromise between the simplest and most precise methods of calculating ​volume delta. It is currently the most precise method usable on TradingView charts. TradingView's Volume Profile built-in indicators use it, as do the CVD - Cumulative ​Volume Delta Candles and CVD - Cumulative Volume Delta (Chart) indicators published from the TradingView account . My Delta Volume Channels and Volume Delta Columns Pro indicators also use intrabar analysis. Other ​volume delta indicators such as my Realtime 5D Profile use realtime chart updates to calculate volume delta without intrabar analysis, but that type of indicator only works in real time; they cannot calculate on historical bars. This is the logic I use to determine the polarity of intrabars, which determines the up or down slot where its ​volume is added:  • If the intrabar's open and close values are different, their relative position is used.  • If the intrabar's open and close values are the same, the difference between the intrabar's close and the previous intrabar's close is used.  • As a last resort, when there is no movement during an intrabar, and it closes at the same price as the previous intrabar, the last known polarity is used. Once all intrabars making up a chart bar have been analyzed and the up or down property of each intrabar's ​volume determined, the up volumes are added, and the down volumes subtracted. The resulting value is ​volume delta for that chart bar, which can be used as an estimate of the buying/selling pressure on an instrument. Not all markets have volume information. Without it, this indicator is useless. Intrabar analysis Intrabars are chart bars at a lower timeframe than the chart's. The timeframe used to access intrabars determines the number of intrabars accessible for each chart bar. On a 1H chart, each chart bar of an active market will, for example, usually contain 60 bars at the lower timeframe of 1min, provided there was market activity during each minute of the hour. This indicator automatically calculates an appropriate lower timeframe using the chart's timeframe and the settings you use in the script's "Intrabars" section of the inputs. As it can access lower timeframes as small as seconds when available, the indicator can be used on charts at relatively small timeframes such as 1min, provided the market is active enough to produce bars at second timeframes. The quantity of intrabars analyzed in each chart bar determines:  • The precision of calculations (more intrabars yield more precise results).  • The chart coverage of calculations (there is a 100K limit to the quantity of intrabars that can be analyzed on any chart,   so the more intrabars you analyze per chart bar, the less chart bars can be calculated by the indicator). The information box displayed at the bottom right of the chart shows the lower timeframe used for intrabars, as well as the average number of intrabars detected for chart bars and statistics on chart coverage. Balances This indicator calculates five balances from volume delta values. The balances are oscillators with a zero centerline; positive values are bullish, and negative values are bearish. It is important to understand the balances as they can be used to:  • Color candle bodies.  • Calculate body and top and bottom divergences.  • Color an EMA channel.  • Color the chart's background.  • Configure markers and alerts. The five balances are: 1 — Bar Balance : This is the only balance using instant values; it is simply the subtraction of the down volume​ from the up volume​ on the bar, so the instant volume delta for that bar. 2 — Average Balance : Calculates a distinct EMA for both the up and down volumes, and subtracts the down EMA from the up EMA.   The result is akin to MACD's histogram because it is the subtraction of two moving averages. 3 — Momentum Balance : Starts by calculating, separately for both up and down volumes, the difference between the same EMAs used in "Average Balance" and   an SMA of twice the period used for the "Average Balance" EMAs. The difference for the up side is subtracted from the difference for the down side,   and an RSI of that value is calculated and brought over the −50/+50 scale. 4 — Relative Balance : The reference values used in the calculation are the up and down EMAs used in the "Average Balance".   From those, we calculate two intermediate values using how much the instant up and down volumes on the bar exceed their respective EMA — but with a twist.   If the bar's up volume​ does not exceed the EMA of up volume​, a zero value is used. The same goes for the down volume​ with the EMA of down volume​.   Once we have our two intermediate values for the up and down volumes exceeding their respective MA, we subtract them. The final value is an ALMA of that subtraction.   The rationale behind using zero values when the bar's up/down volume​ does not exceed its EMA is to only take into account the more significant volume​.   If both instant volume​ values exceed their MA, then the difference between the two is the signal's value.   The signal is called "relative" because the intermediate values are the difference between the instant up/down volumes and their respective MA.   This balance flatlines when the bar's up/down volumes do not exceed their EMAs, which makes it useful to spot areas where trader interest dwindles, such as consolidations.   The smaller the period of the final value's ALMA, the more easily it will flatline. These flat zones should be considered no-trade zones. 5 — Percent Balance : This balance is the ALMA of the ratio of the "Bar Balance" over the total volume for that bar. From the balances and marker conditions, two more values are calculated: 1 — Marker Bias : This sums the up/down (+1/‒1) occurrences of the markers 1 to 4 over a period you define, so it ranges from −4 to +4, times the period.   Its calculation will depend on the modes used to calculate markers 3 and 4. 2 — Combined Balances : This is the sum of the bull/bear (+1/−1) states of each of the five balances, so it ranges from −5 to +5. The periods for all of these balances can be configured in the "Periods" section at the bottom of the script's inputs. As you cannot see the balances on the chart, you can use my Volume Delta Columns Pro indicator in a pane; it can plot the same balances, so you will be able to analyze them. Divergences In the context of this indicator, a divergence is any bar where the bear/bull state of a balance (above/below its zero centerline) diverges from the polarity of a chart bar. No directional bias is assigned to divergences when they occur. Candle bodies and tops/bottoms can each be colored differently on divergences detected from distinct balances. Divergence Channel The divergence channel is the space between two levels (by default, the bar's open and close ) saved when divergences occur. When price (by default the close ) has breached a channel and a new divergence occurs, a new channel is created. Until that new channel is breached, bars where additional divergences occur will expand the channel's levels if the bar's price points are outside the channel. Prices breaches of the divergence channel will change its state. Divergence channels can be in one of three different states:  • Bull (green): Price has breached the channel to the upside.  • Bear (red): Price has breached the channel to the downside.  • Neutral (gray): The channel has not yet been breached. █  HOW TO USE THE INDICATOR I do not make videos to explain how to use my indicators. I do, however, try hard to include in their description everything one needs to understand what they do. From there, it's up to you to explore and figure out if they can be useful in your trading practice. Communicating in videos what this description and the script's tooltips contain would make for very long videos that would likely exceed the attention span of most people who find this description too long. There is no quick way to understand an indicator such as this one because it uses many different concepts and has quite a bit of settings one can use to modify its visuals and behavior — thus how one uses it. I will happily answer questions on the inner workings of the indicator, but I do not answer questions like "How do I trade using this indicator?" A useful answer to that question would require an in-depth analysis of who you are, your trading methodology and objectives, which I do not have time for. I do not teach trading. Start by loading the indicator on an active chart containing volume information. See here if you need help. The default configuration displays:  • Normal candles where the bodies are only colored if the bar's volume has increased since the last bar.   If you want to use this indicator's candles, you may want to disable your chart's candles by clicking the eye icon to the right of the symbol's name in the top left of the chart.  • A top or bottom appended to the normal candles. It represents the difference between up and down volume for that bar   and is positioned at the top or bottom, depending on its polarity. If up volume is greater than down volume, a top is displayed. If down volume is greater, a bottom is plotted.   The size of tops and bottoms is determined by calculating a factor which is the proportion of volume delta over the bar's total volume.   That factor is then used to calculate the top or bottom size relative to a baseline of the average candle body size of the last 100 bars.  • An information box in the bottom right displaying intrabar and chart coverage information.  • A light red background when the intrabar volume differs from the chart's volume by more than 1%. The script's inputs contain tooltips explaining most of the fields. I will not repeat them here. Following is a brief description of each section of the indicator's inputs which will give you an idea of what the indicator can do: Normal Candles is where you configure the replacement candles plotted by the script. You can choose from different coloring schemes for their bodies and specify a unique color for bodies where a divergence calculated using the method you choose occurs. Volume Tops & Botttoms is where you configure the display of tops and bottoms, and their EMAs. The EMAs are calculated from the high point of tops and the low point of bottoms. They can act as a channel to evaluate price, and you can choose to color the channel using a gradient reflecting the advances/declines in the balance of your choice. Divergence Channel is where you set up the appearance and behavior of the divergence channel. These areas represent levels where price and volume delta information do not converge. They can be interpreted as regions with no clear direction from where one will look for breaches. You can configure the channel to take into account one or both types of divergences you have configured for candle bodies and tops/bottoms. Background allows you to configure a gradient background color that reflects the advances/declines in the balance of your choice. You can use this to provide context to the volume delta values from bars. You can also control the background color displayed on volume discrepancies between the intrabar and the chart's timeframe. Intrabars is where you choose the calculation mode determining the lower timeframe used to access intrabars. The indicator uses the chart's timeframe and the type of market you are on to calculate the lower timeframe. Your setting there should reflect which compromise you prefer between the precision of calculations and chart coverage. This is also where you control the display of the information box in the lower right corner of the chart. Markers allows you to control the plotting of chart markers on different conditions. Their configuration determines when alerts generated from the indicator will fire. Note that in order to generate alerts from this script, they must be created from your chart. See this Help Center page to learn how. Only the last 500 markers will be visible on the chart, but this will not affect the generation of alerts. Periods is where you configure the periods for the balances and the EMAs used in the indicator. The raw values calculated by this script can be inspected using the Data Window. █  INTERPRETATION Rightly or wrongly, volume delta is considered by many a useful complement to the interpretation of price action. I use it extensively in an attempt to find convergence between my read of volume delta and price movement — not so much as a predictor of future price movement. No system or person can predict the future. Accordingly, I consider people who speak or act as if they know the future with certainty to be dangerous to themselves and others; they are charlatans, imprudent or blissfully ignorant. I try to avoid elaborate volume delta interpretation schemes involving too many variables and prefer to keep things simple:  • Trends that have more chances of continuing should be accompanied by VD of the same polarity.   In trends, I am looking for "slow and steady". I work from the assumption that traders and systems often overreact, which translates into unproductive volatility.   Wild trends are more susceptible to overreactions.  • I prefer steady VD values over wildly increasing ones, as large VD increases often come with increased price volatility, which can backfire.   Large VD values caused by stopping volume will also often occur on trend reversals with abnormally high candles.  • Prices escaping divergence channels may be leading a trend in that direction, although there is no telling how long that trend will last; could be just a few bars or hundreds.   When price is in a channel, shifts in VD balances can sometimes give us an idea of the direction where price has the most chance of breaking.  • Dwindling VD will often indicate trend exhaustion and predate reversals by many bars, but the problem is that mere pauses in a trend will often produce the same behavior in VD.   I think it is too perilous to infer rigidly from VD decreases. Divergence Channel Here I have configured the divergence channels to be visible. First, I set the bodies to display divergences on the default Bar Balance. They are indicated by yellow bodies. Then I activated the divergence channels by choosing to draw levels on body divergences and checked the "Fill" checkbox to fill the channel with the same color as the levels. The divergence channel is best understood as a direction-less area from where a breach can be acted on if other variables converge with the breach's direction: Tops and Bottoms EMAs I find these EMAs rather interesting. They have no equivalent elsewhere, as they are calculated from the top and bottom values this indicator plots. The only similarity they have with volume-weighted MAs, including VWAP, is that they use price and volume. This indicator's Tops and Bottoms EMAs, however, use the price and volume delta. While the channel differs from other channels in how it is calculated, it can be used like others, as a baseline from which to evaluate price movement or, alternatively, as stop levels. Remember that you can change the period used for the EMAs in the "Periods" section of the inputs. This chart shows the EMAs in action, filled with a gradient representing the advances/decline from the Momentum balance. Notice the anomaly in the chart's latest bars where the Momentum balance gradient has been indicating a bullish bias for some time, during which price was mostly below the EMAs. Price has just broken above the channel on positive VD. My interpretation of this situation would be that it is a risky opportunity for a long trade in the larger context where the market has been in a downtrend since the 5th. Intrepid traders choosing to enter here could do so with a "make or break" tight stop that will minimize their losses should the market continue its downtrend while hopefully preserving the potential upside of price continuing on the longer-term uptrend prevalent since the 28th: █  NOTES Volume If you use indicators such as this one which depends on volume information, it is important to realize that the volume data they consume comes from data feeds, and that all data feeds are NOT created equally. Those who create the data feeds we use must make decisions concerning the nature of the transactions they tally and the way they are tallied in each feed, and these decisions affect the nature of our volume data. My Volume X-ray publication discusses some of the reasons why volume information from different timeframes, brokers/exchanges or sectors may vary considerably. I encourage you to read it. This indicator's display of a warning through a background color on volume discrepancies between the timeframe used to access intrabars and the chart's timeframe is an attempt to help you realize these variations in feeds. Don't take things for granted, and understand that the quality of a given feed's volume information affects the quality of the results this indicator calculates. Markets as ecosystems I believe it is perilous to think that behavioral patterns you discover in one market through the lens of this or any other indicator will necessarily port to other markets. While this may sometimes be the case, it will often not. Why is that? Because each market is its own ecosystem. As cities do, all markets share some common characteristics, but they also all have their idiosyncrasies. A proportion of a city's inhabitants is always composed of outsiders who come and go, but a core population of regulars and systems is usually the force that actually defines most of the city's observable characteristics. I believe markets work somewhat the same way; they may look the same, but if you live there for a while and pay attention, you will notice the idiosyncrasies. Some things that work in some markets will, accordingly, not work in others. Please keep that in mind when you draw conclusions. On Up/Down or Buy/Sell Volume Buying or selling volume are misnomers, as every unit of volume transacted is both bought and sold by two different traders. While this does not keep me from using the terms, there is no such thing as “buy only” or “sell only” volume. Trader lingo is riddled with peculiarities. Without access to order book information, traders work with the assumption that when price moves up during a bar, there was more buying pressure than selling pressure, just as when buy market orders take out limit ask orders in the order book at successively higher levels. The built-in volume indicator available on TradingView uses this logic to color the volume columns green or red. While this script’s calculations are more precise because it analyses intrabars to calculate its information, it uses pretty much the same imperfect logic. Until Pine scripts can have access to how much volume was transacted at the bid/ask prices, our volume delta calculations will remain a mere proxy. Repainting  • The values calculated on the realtime bar will update as new information comes from the feed.  • Historical values may recalculate if the historical feed is updated or when calculations start from a new point in history.  • Markers and alerts will not repaint as they only occur on a bar's close. Keep this in mind when viewing markers on historical bars,   where one could understandably and incorrectly assume they appear at the bar's open. To learn more about repainting, see the Pine Script™ User Manual's page on the subject . Superfluity In "The Bed of Procrustes", Nassim Nicholas Taleb writes: To bankrupt a fool, give him information . This indicator can display a lot of information. The inevitable adaptation period you will need to figure out how to use it should help you eliminate all the visuals you do not need. The more you eliminate, the easier it will be to focus on those that are the most useful to your trading practice. Don't be a fool. █  THANKS Thanks to alexgrover for his Dekidaka-Ashi indicator. His volume plots on candles were the inspiration for my top/bottom plots. Kudos to PineCoders for their libraries. I use two of them in this script: Time and lower_tf . The first versions of this script used functionality that I would not have known about were it not for these two guys: — A guy called Kuan who commented on a Backtest Rookies presentation of their Volume Profile indicator. — theheirophant , my partner in the exploration of the sometimes weird abysses of request.security() ’s behavior at lower timeframes.
Indicatore Pine Script®
di LucF
113
Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator### In-Depth Analysis of the "Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator" Indicator --- #### Introduction to the Indicator The "Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator" is an advanced yet user-friendly technical analysis tool designed to help traders across all levels of experience identify and follow market trends with precision. This indicator builds upon the fundamental principles of the Simple Moving Average (SMA), a cornerstone of technical analysis, to deliver a clear, visually intuitive overlay on the price chart. Through its strategic use of color-coding and customizable parameters, the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator provides traders with actionable insights into market dynamics, enhancing their ability to make informed trading decisions. #### Core Concepts and Methodology 1. **Foundational Principle – Simple Moving Average (SMA):** - The Simple Moving Average (SMA) is the heart of the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator. The SMA is a widely-used technical indicator that calculates the average price of an asset over a specified number of periods. By smoothing out price data, the SMA helps to reduce the noise from short-term fluctuations, providing a clearer picture of the overall trend. - In the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator, two SMAs are employed: - **Primary SMA (oscValue):** This is applied to the closing price of the asset over a user-defined period (default is 14 periods). This SMA tracks the price closely and is sensitive to changes in market direction. - **Smoothing SMA (oscV):** This second SMA is applied to the primary SMA, further smoothing the data and helping to filter out minor price movements that might otherwise be mistaken for trend reversals. The default period for this smoothing is 50, but it can be adjusted to suit the trader's preference. 2. **Color-Coding for Trend Visualization:** - One of the most distinctive features of this indicator is its use of color to represent market trends. The indicator’s line changes color based on the relationship between the primary SMA and the smoothing SMA: - **Bullish (Green):** The line turns green when the primary SMA is equal to or greater than the smoothing SMA, indicating that the market is in an upward trend. - **Bearish (Red):** Conversely, the line turns red when the primary SMA falls below the smoothing SMA, signaling a downward trend. - This color-coded system provides traders with an immediate, easy-to-interpret visual cue about the market’s direction, allowing for quick decision-making. #### Detailed Explanation of Inputs 1. **Bullish Color (Default: Green #00ff00):** - This input allows traders to customize the color that represents bullish trends on the chart. The default setting is green, a color commonly associated with upward market movement. However, traders can adjust this to any color that suits their visual preferences or matches their overall chart theme. 2. **Bearish Color (Default: Red RGB: 245, 0, 0):** - The bearish color input determines the color of the line when the market is trending downwards. The default setting is a vivid red, signaling caution or selling opportunities. Like the bullish color, this can be customized to fit the trader’s needs. 3. **Line Thickness (Default: 5):** - This setting controls the thickness of the line plotted by the indicator. The default thickness of 5 makes the line prominent on the chart, ensuring that the trend is easily visible even in complex or crowded chart setups. Traders can adjust the thickness to make the line thinner or thicker, depending on their visual preferences. 4. **Primary SMA Period (Value 1 - Default: 14):** - The primary SMA period defines how many periods (e.g., days, hours) are used to calculate the moving average based on the asset’s closing prices. The default period of 14 is a balanced setting that offers a good mix of responsiveness and stability, but traders can adjust this depending on their trading style: - **Shorter Periods (e.g., 5-10):** These make the indicator more sensitive, capturing trends more quickly but also increasing the likelihood of reacting to short-term price fluctuations or "noise." - **Longer Periods (e.g., 20-50):** These smooth the data more, providing a more stable trend line that is less prone to whipsaws but may be slower to respond to trend changes. 5. **Smoothing SMA Period (Value 2 - Default: 50):** - The smoothing SMA period determines how much the primary SMA is smoothed. A longer smoothing period results in a more gradual, stable line that focuses on the broader trend. The default of 50 is designed to smooth out most of the short-term fluctuations while still being responsive enough to detect significant trend shifts. - **Customization:** - **Shorter Smoothing Periods (e.g., 20-30):** Make the indicator more responsive, better for fast-moving markets or for traders who want to capture quick trends. - **Longer Smoothing Periods (e.g., 70-100):** Enhance stability, ideal for long-term traders looking to avoid reacting to minor price movements. #### Unique Characteristics and Advantages 1. **Simplicity and Clarity:** - The Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator’s design prioritizes simplicity without sacrificing effectiveness. By relying on the widely understood SMA, it avoids the complexity of more esoteric indicators while still providing reliable trend signals. This simplicity makes it accessible to traders of all levels, from novices who are just learning about technical analysis to experienced traders looking for a straightforward, dependable tool. 2. **Visual Feedback Mechanism:** - The indicator’s use of color to signify market trends is a particularly powerful feature. This visual feedback mechanism allows traders to assess market conditions at a glance. The clarity of the green and red color scheme reduces the mental effort required to interpret the indicator, freeing the trader to focus on strategy execution. 3. **Adaptability Across Markets and Timeframes:** - One of the strengths of the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator is its versatility. The basic principles of moving averages apply equally well across different asset classes and timeframes. Whether trading stocks, forex, commodities, or cryptocurrencies, traders can use this indicator to gain insights into market trends. - **Intraday Trading:** For day traders who operate on short timeframes (e.g., 1-minute, 5-minute charts), the oscillator can be adjusted to be more responsive, capturing quick shifts in momentum. - **Swing Trading:** Swing traders, who typically hold positions for several days to weeks, will find the default settings or slightly adjusted periods ideal for identifying and riding medium-term trends. - **Long-Term Trading:** Position traders and investors can adjust the indicator to focus on long-term trends by increasing the periods for both the primary and smoothing SMAs, filtering out minor fluctuations and highlighting sustained market movements. 4. **Minimal Lag:** - One of the challenges with moving averages is lag—the delay between when the price changes and when the indicator reflects this change. The Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator addresses this by allowing traders to adjust the periods to find a balance between responsiveness and stability. While all SMAs inherently have some lag, the customizable nature of this indicator helps traders mitigate this effect to align with their specific trading goals. 5. **Customizable and Intuitive:** - While many technical indicators come with a fixed set of parameters, the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator is fully customizable, allowing traders to tailor it to their trading style, market conditions, and personal preferences. This makes it a highly flexible tool that can be adjusted as markets evolve or as a trader’s strategy changes over time. #### Practical Applications for Different Trader Profiles 1. **Day Traders:** - **Use Case:** Day traders can customize the SMA periods to create a faster, more responsive indicator. This allows them to capture short-term trends and make quick decisions. For example, reducing the primary SMA to 5 and the smoothing SMA to 20 can help day traders react promptly to intraday price movements. - **Strategy Integration:** Day traders might use the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator in conjunction with volume-based indicators to confirm the strength of a trend before entering or exiting trades. 2. **Swing Traders:** - **Use Case:** Swing traders can use the default settings or slightly adjust them to smooth out minor price fluctuations while still capturing medium-term trends. This approach helps in identifying the optimal points to enter or exit trades based on the broader market direction. - **Strategy Integration:** Swing traders can combine this indicator with oscillators like the Relative Strength Index (RSI) to confirm overbought or oversold conditions, thereby refining their entry and exit strategies. 3. **Position Traders:** - **Use Case:** Position traders, who hold trades for extended periods, can extend the SMA periods to focus on long-term trends. By doing so, they minimize the impact of short-term market noise and focus on the underlying trend. - **Strategy Integration:** Position traders might use the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator in combination with fundamental analysis. The indicator can help confirm the timing of entries and exits based on broader economic or corporate developments. 4. **Algorithmic and Quantitative Traders:** - **Use Case:** The simplicity and clear logic of the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator make it an excellent candidate for algorithmic trading strategies. Its binary output—bullish or bearish—can be easily coded into automated trading systems. - **Strategy Integration:** Quant traders might use the indicator as part of a larger trading system that incorporates multiple indicators and rules, optimizing the SMA periods based on historical backtesting to achieve the best results. 5. **Novice Traders:** - **Use Case:** Beginners can use the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator to learn the basics of trend-following strategies. The visual simplicity of the color-coded line helps novice traders quickly understand market direction without the need to interpret complex data. - **Educational Value:** The indicator serves as an excellent starting point for those new to technical analysis, providing a practical example of how moving averages work in a real-world trading environment. #### Combining the Indicator with Other Tools 1. **Relative Strength Index (RSI):** - The RSI is a momentum oscillator that measures the speed and change of price movements. When combined with the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator, traders can look for instances where the RSI shows divergence from the price while the oscillator confirms the trend. This can be a powerful signal of an impending reversal or continuation. 2. **Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD):** - The MACD is another popular trend-following momentum indicator. By using it alongside the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator, traders can confirm the strength of a trend and identify potential entry and exit points with greater confidence. For example, a bullish crossover on the MACD that coincides with the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator turning green can be a strong buy signal. 3. **Volume Indicators:** - Volume is often considered the fuel behind price movements. Using volume indicators like the On-Balance Volume (OBV) or Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP) in conjunction with the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator can help traders confirm the validity of a trend. A trend identified by the oscillator that is supported by increasing volume is typically more reliable. 4. **Fibonacci Retracement:** - Fibonacci retracement levels are used to identify potential reversal levels in a trending market. When the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator indicates a trend, traders can use Fibonacci retracement levels to find potential entry points that align with the broader trend direction. #### Implementation in Different Market Conditions 1. **Trending Markets:** - The Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator excels in trending markets, where it provides clear signals on the direction of the trend. In a strong uptrend, the line will remain green, helping traders stay in the trade for longer periods. In a downtrend, the red line will signal the continuation of bearish conditions, prompting traders to stay short or avoid long positions. 2. **Sideways or Range-Bound Markets:** - In range-bound markets, where price oscillates within a confined range without a clear trend, the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator may produce more frequent changes in color. While this could indicate potential reversals at the range boundaries, traders should be cautious of false signals. It may be beneficial to pair the oscillator with a volatility indicator to better navigate such conditions. 3. **Volatile Markets:** - In highly volatile markets, where prices can swing rapidly, the sensitivity of the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator can be adjusted by modifying the SMA periods. A shorter SMA period might capture quick trends, but traders should be aware of the increased risk of whipsaws. Combining the oscillator with a volatility filter or using it in a higher time frame might help mitigate some of this risk. #### Final Thoughts The "Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator" is a versatile, easy-to-use indicator that stands out for its simplicity, visual clarity, and adaptability. It provides traders with a straightforward method to identify and follow market trends, using the well-established concept of moving averages. The indicator’s customizable nature makes it suitable for a wide range of trading styles, from day trading to long-term investing, and across various asset classes. By offering immediate visual feedback through color-coded signals, the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator simplifies the decision-making process, allowing traders to focus on execution rather than interpretation. Whether used on its own or as part of a broader technical analysis toolkit, this indicator has the potential to enhance trading strategies and improve overall performance. Its accessibility and ease of use make it particularly appealing to novice traders, while its adaptability and reliability ensure that it remains a valuable tool for more experienced market participants. As markets continue to evolve, the Uptrick: Trend SMA Oscillator remains a timeless tool, rooted in the fundamental principles of technical analysis, yet flexible enough to meet the demands of modern trading.
Indicatore Pine Script®
di Uptrick
Markov Chain [3D] | FractalystWhat exactly is a Markov Chain? This indicator uses a Markov Chain model to analyze, quantify, and visualize the transitions between market regimes (Bull, Bear, Neutral) on your chart. It dynamically detects these regimes in real-time, calculates transition probabilities, and displays them as animated 3D spheres and arrows, giving traders intuitive insight into current and future market conditions. How does a Markov Chain work, and how should I read this spheres-and-arrows diagram? Think of three weather modes: Sunny, Rainy, Cloudy. Each sphere is one mode. The loop on a sphere means “stay the same next step” (e.g., Sunny again tomorrow). The arrows leaving a sphere show where things usually go next if they change (e.g., Sunny moving to Cloudy). Some paths matter more than others. A more prominent loop means the current mode tends to persist. A more prominent outgoing arrow means a change to that destination is the usual next step. Direction isn’t symmetric: moving Sunny→Cloudy can behave differently than Cloudy→Sunny. Now relabel the spheres to markets: Bull, Bear, Neutral. Spheres: market regimes (uptrend, downtrend, range). Self‑loop: tendency for the current regime to continue on the next bar. Arrows: the most common next regime if a switch happens. How to read: Start at the sphere that matches current bar state. If the loop stands out, expect continuation. If one outgoing path stands out, that switch is the typical next step. Opposite directions can differ (Bear→Neutral doesn’t have to match Neutral→Bear). What states and transitions are shown? The three market states visualized are: Bullish (Bull): Upward or strong-market regime. Bearish (Bear): Downward or weak-market regime. Neutral: Sideways or range-bound regime. Bidirectional animated arrows and probability labels show how likely the market is to move from one regime to another (e.g., Bull → Bear or Neutral → Bull). How does the regime detection system work? You can use either built-in price returns (based on adaptive Z-score normalization) or supply three custom indicators (such as volume, oscillators, etc.). Values are statistically normalized (Z-scored) over a configurable lookback period. The normalized outputs are classified into Bull, Bear, or Neutral zones. If using three indicators, their regime signals are averaged and smoothed for robustness. How are transition probabilities calculated? On every confirmed bar, the algorithm tracks the sequence of detected market states, then builds a rolling window of transitions. The code maintains a transition count matrix for all regime pairs (e.g., Bull → Bear). Transition probabilities are extracted for each possible state change using Laplace smoothing for numerical stability, and frequently updated in real-time. What is unique about the visualization? 3D animated spheres represent each regime and change visually when active. Animated, bidirectional arrows reveal transition probabilities and allow you to see both dominant and less likely regime flows. Particles (moving dots) animate along the arrows, enhancing the perception of regime flow direction and speed. All elements dynamically update with each new price bar, providing a live market map in an intuitive, engaging format. Can I use custom indicators for regime classification? Yes! Enable the "Custom Indicators" switch and select any three chart series as inputs. These will be normalized and combined (each with equal weight), broadening the regime classification beyond just price-based movement. What does the “Lookback Period” control? Lookback Period (default: 100) sets how much historical data builds the probability matrix. Shorter periods adapt faster to regime changes but may be noisier. Longer periods are more stable but slower to adapt. How is this different from a Hidden Markov Model (HMM)? It sets the window for both regime detection and probability calculations. Lower values make the system more reactive, but potentially noisier. Higher values smooth estimates and make the system more robust. How is this Markov Chain different from a Hidden Markov Model (HMM)? Markov Chain (as here): All market regimes (Bull, Bear, Neutral) are directly observable on the chart. The transition matrix is built from actual detected regimes, keeping the model simple and interpretable. Hidden Markov Model: The actual regimes are unobservable ("hidden") and must be inferred from market output or indicator "emissions" using statistical learning algorithms. HMMs are more complex, can capture more subtle structure, but are harder to visualize and require additional machine learning steps for training. A standard Markov Chain models transitions between observable states using a simple transition matrix, while a Hidden Markov Model assumes the true states are hidden (latent) and must be inferred from observable “emissions” like price or volume data. In practical terms, a Markov Chain is transparent and easier to implement and interpret; an HMM is more expressive but requires statistical inference to estimate hidden states from data. Markov Chain: states are observable; you directly count or estimate transition probabilities between visible states. This makes it simpler, faster, and easier to validate and tune. HMM: states are hidden; you only observe emissions generated by those latent states. Learning involves machine learning/statistical algorithms (commonly Baum–Welch/EM for training and Viterbi for decoding) to infer both the transition dynamics and the most likely hidden state sequence from data. How does the indicator avoid “repainting” or look-ahead bias? All regime changes and matrix updates happen only on confirmed (closed) bars, so no future data is leaked, ensuring reliable real-time operation. Are there practical tuning tips? Tune the Lookback Period for your asset/timeframe: shorter for fast markets, longer for stability. Use custom indicators if your asset has unique regime drivers. Watch for rapid changes in transition probabilities as early warning of a possible regime shift. Who is this indicator for? Quants and quantitative researchers exploring probabilistic market modeling, especially those interested in regime-switching dynamics and Markov models. Programmers and system developers who need a probabilistic regime filter for systematic and algorithmic backtesting: The Markov Chain indicator is ideally suited for programmatic integration via its bias output (1 = Bull, 0 = Neutral, -1 = Bear). Although the visualization is engaging, the core output is designed for automated, rules-based workflows—not for discretionary/manual trading decisions. Developers can connect the indicator’s output directly to their Pine Script logic (using input.source()), allowing rapid and robust backtesting of regime-based strategies. It acts as a plug-and-play regime filter: simply plug the bias output into your entry/exit logic, and you have a scientifically robust, probabilistically-derived signal for filtering, timing, position sizing, or risk regimes. The MC's output is intentionally "trinary" (1/0/-1), focusing on clear regime states for unambiguous decision-making in code. If you require nuanced, multi-probability or soft-label state vectors, consider expanding the indicator or stacking it with a probability-weighted logic layer in your scripting. Because it avoids subjectivity, this approach is optimal for systematic quants, algo developers building backtested, repeatable strategies based on probabilistic regime analysis. What's the mathematical foundation behind this? The mathematical foundation behind this Markov Chain indicator—and probabilistic regime detection in finance—draws from two principal models: the (standard) Markov Chain and the Hidden Markov Model (HMM). How to use this indicator programmatically? The Markov Chain indicator automatically exports a bias value (+1 for Bullish, -1 for Bearish, 0 for Neutral) as a plot visible in the Data Window. This allows you to integrate its regime signal into your own scripts and strategies for backtesting, automation, or live trading. Step-by-Step Integration with Pine Script (input.source) Add the Markov Chain indicator to your chart. This must be done first, since your custom script will "pull" the bias signal from the indicator's plot. In your strategy, create an input using input.source() Example: //@version=5 strategy("MC Bias Strategy Example") mcBias = input.source(close, "MC Bias Source") After saving, go to your script’s settings. For the “MC Bias Source” input, select the plot/output of the Markov Chain indicator (typically its bias plot). Use the bias in your trading logic Example (long only on Bull, flat otherwise): if mcBias == 1 strategy.entry("Long", strategy.long) else strategy.close("Long") For more advanced workflows, combine mcBias with additional filters or trailing stops. How does this work behind-the-scenes? TradingView’s input.source() lets you use any plot from another indicator as a real-time, “live” data feed in your own script (source). The selected bias signal is available to your Pine code as a variable, enabling logical decisions based on regime (trend-following, mean-reversion, etc.). This enables powerful strategy modularity : decouple regime detection from entry/exit logic, allowing fast experimentation without rewriting core signal code. Integrating 45+ Indicators with Your Markov Chain — How & Why The Enhanced Custom Indicators Export script exports a massive suite of over 45 technical indicators—ranging from classic momentum (RSI, MACD, Stochastic, etc.) to trend, volume, volatility, and oscillator tools—all pre-calculated, centered/scaled, and available as plots. // Enhanced Custom Indicators Export - 45 Technical Indicators // Comprehensive technical analysis suite for advanced market regime detection //@version=6 indicator('Enhanced Custom Indicators Export | Fractalyst', shorttitle='Enhanced CI Export', overlay=false, scale=scale.right, max_labels_count=500, max_lines_count=500) // |----- Input Parameters -----| // momentum_group = "Momentum Indicators" trend_group = "Trend Indicators" volume_group = "Volume Indicators" volatility_group = "Volatility Indicators" oscillator_group = "Oscillator Indicators" display_group = "Display Settings" // Common lengths length_14 = input.int(14, "Standard Length (14)", minval=1, maxval=100, group=momentum_group) length_20 = input.int(20, "Medium Length (20)", minval=1, maxval=200, group=trend_group) length_50 = input.int(50, "Long Length (50)", minval=1, maxval=200, group=trend_group) // Display options show_table = input.bool(true, "Show Values Table", group=display_group) table_size = input.string("Small", "Table Size", options= , group=display_group) // |----- MOMENTUM INDICATORS (15 indicators) -----| // // 1. RSI (Relative Strength Index) rsi_14 = ta.rsi(close, length_14) rsi_centered = rsi_14 - 50 // 2. Stochastic Oscillator stoch_k = ta.stoch(close, high, low, length_14) stoch_d = ta.sma(stoch_k, 3) stoch_centered = stoch_k - 50 // 3. Williams %R williams_r = ta.stoch(close, high, low, length_14) - 100 // 4. MACD (Moving Average Convergence Divergence) = ta.macd(close, 12, 26, 9) // 5. Momentum (Rate of Change) momentum = ta.mom(close, length_14) momentum_pct = (momentum / close ) * 100 // 6. Rate of Change (ROC) roc = ta.roc(close, length_14) // 7. Commodity Channel Index (CCI) cci = ta.cci(close, length_20) // 8. Money Flow Index (MFI) mfi = ta.mfi(close, length_14) mfi_centered = mfi - 50 // 9. Awesome Oscillator (AO) ao = ta.sma(hl2, 5) - ta.sma(hl2, 34) // 10. Accelerator Oscillator (AC) ac = ao - ta.sma(ao, 5) // 11. Chande Momentum Oscillator (CMO) cmo = ta.cmo(close, length_14) // 12. Detrended Price Oscillator (DPO) dpo = close - ta.sma(close, length_20) // 13. Price Oscillator (PPO) ppo = ta.sma(close, 12) - ta.sma(close, 26) ppo_pct = (ppo / ta.sma(close, 26)) * 100 // 14. TRIX trix_ema1 = ta.ema(close, length_14) trix_ema2 = ta.ema(trix_ema1, length_14) trix_ema3 = ta.ema(trix_ema2, length_14) trix = ta.roc(trix_ema3, 1) * 10000 // 15. Klinger Oscillator klinger = ta.ema(volume * (high + low + close) / 3, 34) - ta.ema(volume * (high + low + close) / 3, 55) // 16. Fisher Transform fisher_hl2 = 0.5 * (hl2 - ta.lowest(hl2, 10)) / (ta.highest(hl2, 10) - ta.lowest(hl2, 10)) - 0.25 fisher = 0.5 * math.log((1 + fisher_hl2) / (1 - fisher_hl2)) // 17. Stochastic RSI stoch_rsi = ta.stoch(rsi_14, rsi_14, rsi_14, length_14) stoch_rsi_centered = stoch_rsi - 50 // 18. Relative Vigor Index (RVI) rvi_num = ta.swma(close - open) rvi_den = ta.swma(high - low) rvi = rvi_den != 0 ? rvi_num / rvi_den : 0 // 19. Balance of Power (BOP) bop = (close - open) / (high - low) // |----- TREND INDICATORS (10 indicators) -----| // // 20. Simple Moving Average Momentum sma_20 = ta.sma(close, length_20) sma_momentum = ((close - sma_20) / sma_20) * 100 // 21. Exponential Moving Average Momentum ema_20 = ta.ema(close, length_20) ema_momentum = ((close - ema_20) / ema_20) * 100 // 22. Parabolic SAR sar = ta.sar(0.02, 0.02, 0.2) sar_trend = close > sar ? 1 : -1 // 23. Linear Regression Slope lr_slope = ta.linreg(close, length_20, 0) - ta.linreg(close, length_20, 1) // 24. Moving Average Convergence (MAC) mac = ta.sma(close, 10) - ta.sma(close, 30) // 25. Trend Intensity Index (TII) tii_sum = 0.0 for i = 1 to length_20 tii_sum += close > close ? 1 : 0 tii = (tii_sum / length_20) * 100 // 26. Ichimoku Cloud Components ichimoku_tenkan = (ta.highest(high, 9) + ta.lowest(low, 9)) / 2 ichimoku_kijun = (ta.highest(high, 26) + ta.lowest(low, 26)) / 2 ichimoku_signal = ichimoku_tenkan > ichimoku_kijun ? 1 : -1 // 27. MESA Adaptive Moving Average (MAMA) mama_alpha = 2.0 / (length_20 + 1) mama = ta.ema(close, length_20) mama_momentum = ((close - mama) / mama) * 100 // 28. Zero Lag Exponential Moving Average (ZLEMA) zlema_lag = math.round((length_20 - 1) / 2) zlema_data = close + (close - close ) zlema = ta.ema(zlema_data, length_20) zlema_momentum = ((close - zlema) / zlema) * 100 // |----- VOLUME INDICATORS (6 indicators) -----| // // 29. On-Balance Volume (OBV) obv = ta.obv // 30. Volume Rate of Change (VROC) vroc = ta.roc(volume, length_14) // 31. Price Volume Trend (PVT) pvt = ta.pvt // 32. Negative Volume Index (NVI) nvi = 0.0 nvi := volume < volume ? nvi + ((close - close ) / close ) * nvi : nvi // 33. Positive Volume Index (PVI) pvi = 0.0 pvi := volume > volume ? pvi + ((close - close ) / close ) * pvi : pvi // 34. Volume Oscillator vol_osc = ta.sma(volume, 5) - ta.sma(volume, 10) // 35. Ease of Movement (EOM) eom_distance = high - low eom_box_height = volume / 1000000 eom = eom_box_height != 0 ? eom_distance / eom_box_height : 0 eom_sma = ta.sma(eom, length_14) // 36. Force Index force_index = volume * (close - close ) force_index_sma = ta.sma(force_index, length_14) // |----- VOLATILITY INDICATORS (10 indicators) -----| // // 37. Average True Range (ATR) atr = ta.atr(length_14) atr_pct = (atr / close) * 100 // 38. Bollinger Bands Position bb_basis = ta.sma(close, length_20) bb_dev = 2.0 * ta.stdev(close, length_20) bb_upper = bb_basis + bb_dev bb_lower = bb_basis - bb_dev bb_position = bb_dev != 0 ? (close - bb_basis) / bb_dev : 0 bb_width = bb_dev != 0 ? (bb_upper - bb_lower) / bb_basis * 100 : 0 // 39. Keltner Channels Position kc_basis = ta.ema(close, length_20) kc_range = ta.ema(ta.tr, length_20) kc_upper = kc_basis + (2.0 * kc_range) kc_lower = kc_basis - (2.0 * kc_range) kc_position = kc_range != 0 ? (close - kc_basis) / kc_range : 0 // 40. Donchian Channels Position dc_upper = ta.highest(high, length_20) dc_lower = ta.lowest(low, length_20) dc_basis = (dc_upper + dc_lower) / 2 dc_position = (dc_upper - dc_lower) != 0 ? (close - dc_basis) / (dc_upper - dc_lower) : 0 // 41. Standard Deviation std_dev = ta.stdev(close, length_20) std_dev_pct = (std_dev / close) * 100 // 42. Relative Volatility Index (RVI) rvi_up = ta.stdev(close > close ? close : 0, length_14) rvi_down = ta.stdev(close < close ? close : 0, length_14) rvi_total = rvi_up + rvi_down rvi_volatility = rvi_total != 0 ? (rvi_up / rvi_total) * 100 : 50 // 43. Historical Volatility hv_returns = math.log(close / close ) hv = ta.stdev(hv_returns, length_20) * math.sqrt(252) * 100 // 44. Garman-Klass Volatility gk_vol = math.log(high/low) * math.log(high/low) - (2*math.log(2)-1) * math.log(close/open) * math.log(close/open) gk_volatility = math.sqrt(ta.sma(gk_vol, length_20)) * 100 // 45. Parkinson Volatility park_vol = math.log(high/low) * math.log(high/low) parkinson = math.sqrt(ta.sma(park_vol, length_20) / (4 * math.log(2))) * 100 // 46. Rogers-Satchell Volatility rs_vol = math.log(high/close) * math.log(high/open) + math.log(low/close) * math.log(low/open) rogers_satchell = math.sqrt(ta.sma(rs_vol, length_20)) * 100 // |----- OSCILLATOR INDICATORS (5 indicators) -----| // // 47. Elder Ray Index elder_bull = high - ta.ema(close, 13) elder_bear = low - ta.ema(close, 13) elder_power = elder_bull + elder_bear // 48. Schaff Trend Cycle (STC) stc_macd = ta.ema(close, 23) - ta.ema(close, 50) stc_k = ta.stoch(stc_macd, stc_macd, stc_macd, 10) stc_d = ta.ema(stc_k, 3) stc = ta.stoch(stc_d, stc_d, stc_d, 10) // 49. Coppock Curve coppock_roc1 = ta.roc(close, 14) coppock_roc2 = ta.roc(close, 11) coppock = ta.wma(coppock_roc1 + coppock_roc2, 10) // 50. Know Sure Thing (KST) kst_roc1 = ta.roc(close, 10) kst_roc2 = ta.roc(close, 15) kst_roc3 = ta.roc(close, 20) kst_roc4 = ta.roc(close, 30) kst = ta.sma(kst_roc1, 10) + 2*ta.sma(kst_roc2, 10) + 3*ta.sma(kst_roc3, 10) + 4*ta.sma(kst_roc4, 15) // 51. Percentage Price Oscillator (PPO) ppo_line = ((ta.ema(close, 12) - ta.ema(close, 26)) / ta.ema(close, 26)) * 100 ppo_signal = ta.ema(ppo_line, 9) ppo_histogram = ppo_line - ppo_signal // |----- PLOT MAIN INDICATORS -----| // // Plot key momentum indicators plot(rsi_centered, title="01_RSI_Centered", color=color.purple, linewidth=1) plot(stoch_centered, title="02_Stoch_Centered", color=color.blue, linewidth=1) plot(williams_r, title="03_Williams_R", color=color.red, linewidth=1) plot(macd_histogram, title="04_MACD_Histogram", color=color.orange, linewidth=1) plot(cci, title="05_CCI", color=color.green, linewidth=1) // Plot trend indicators plot(sma_momentum, title="06_SMA_Momentum", color=color.navy, linewidth=1) plot(ema_momentum, title="07_EMA_Momentum", color=color.maroon, linewidth=1) plot(sar_trend, title="08_SAR_Trend", color=color.teal, linewidth=1) plot(lr_slope, title="09_LR_Slope", color=color.lime, linewidth=1) plot(mac, title="10_MAC", color=color.fuchsia, linewidth=1) // Plot volatility indicators plot(atr_pct, title="11_ATR_Pct", color=color.yellow, linewidth=1) plot(bb_position, title="12_BB_Position", color=color.aqua, linewidth=1) plot(kc_position, title="13_KC_Position", color=color.olive, linewidth=1) plot(std_dev_pct, title="14_StdDev_Pct", color=color.silver, linewidth=1) plot(bb_width, title="15_BB_Width", color=color.gray, linewidth=1) // Plot volume indicators plot(vroc, title="16_VROC", color=color.blue, linewidth=1) plot(eom_sma, title="17_EOM", color=color.red, linewidth=1) plot(vol_osc, title="18_Vol_Osc", color=color.green, linewidth=1) plot(force_index_sma, title="19_Force_Index", color=color.orange, linewidth=1) plot(obv, title="20_OBV", color=color.purple, linewidth=1) // Plot additional oscillators plot(ao, title="21_Awesome_Osc", color=color.navy, linewidth=1) plot(cmo, title="22_CMO", color=color.maroon, linewidth=1) plot(dpo, title="23_DPO", color=color.teal, linewidth=1) plot(trix, title="24_TRIX", color=color.lime, linewidth=1) plot(fisher, title="25_Fisher", color=color.fuchsia, linewidth=1) // Plot more momentum indicators plot(mfi_centered, title="26_MFI_Centered", color=color.yellow, linewidth=1) plot(ac, title="27_AC", color=color.aqua, linewidth=1) plot(ppo_pct, title="28_PPO_Pct", color=color.olive, linewidth=1) plot(stoch_rsi_centered, title="29_StochRSI_Centered", color=color.silver, linewidth=1) plot(klinger, title="30_Klinger", color=color.gray, linewidth=1) // Plot trend continuation plot(tii, title="31_TII", color=color.blue, linewidth=1) plot(ichimoku_signal, title="32_Ichimoku_Signal", color=color.red, linewidth=1) plot(mama_momentum, title="33_MAMA_Momentum", color=color.green, linewidth=1) plot(zlema_momentum, title="34_ZLEMA_Momentum", color=color.orange, linewidth=1) plot(bop, title="35_BOP", color=color.purple, linewidth=1) // Plot volume continuation plot(nvi, title="36_NVI", color=color.navy, linewidth=1) plot(pvi, title="37_PVI", color=color.maroon, linewidth=1) plot(momentum_pct, title="38_Momentum_Pct", color=color.teal, linewidth=1) plot(roc, title="39_ROC", color=color.lime, linewidth=1) plot(rvi, title="40_RVI", color=color.fuchsia, linewidth=1) // Plot volatility continuation plot(dc_position, title="41_DC_Position", color=color.yellow, linewidth=1) plot(rvi_volatility, title="42_RVI_Volatility", color=color.aqua, linewidth=1) plot(hv, title="43_Historical_Vol", color=color.olive, linewidth=1) plot(gk_volatility, title="44_GK_Volatility", color=color.silver, linewidth=1) plot(parkinson, title="45_Parkinson_Vol", color=color.gray, linewidth=1) // Plot final oscillators plot(rogers_satchell, title="46_RS_Volatility", color=color.blue, linewidth=1) plot(elder_power, title="47_Elder_Power", color=color.red, linewidth=1) plot(stc, title="48_STC", color=color.green, linewidth=1) plot(coppock, title="49_Coppock", color=color.orange, linewidth=1) plot(kst, title="50_KST", color=color.purple, linewidth=1) // Plot final indicators plot(ppo_histogram, title="51_PPO_Histogram", color=color.navy, linewidth=1) plot(pvt, title="52_PVT", color=color.maroon, linewidth=1) // |----- Reference Lines -----| // hline(0, "Zero Line", color=color.gray, linestyle=hline.style_dashed, linewidth=1) hline(50, "Midline", color=color.gray, linestyle=hline.style_dotted, linewidth=1) hline(-50, "Lower Midline", color=color.gray, linestyle=hline.style_dotted, linewidth=1) hline(25, "Upper Threshold", color=color.gray, linestyle=hline.style_dotted, linewidth=1) hline(-25, "Lower Threshold", color=color.gray, linestyle=hline.style_dotted, linewidth=1) // |----- Enhanced Information Table -----| // if show_table and barstate.islast table_position = position.top_right table_text_size = table_size == "Tiny" ? size.tiny : table_size == "Small" ? size.small : size.normal var table info_table = table.new(table_position, 3, 18, bgcolor=color.new(color.white, 85), border_width=1, border_color=color.gray) // Headers table.cell(info_table, 0, 0, 'Category', text_color=color.black, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.blue, 70)) table.cell(info_table, 1, 0, 'Indicator', text_color=color.black, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.blue, 70)) table.cell(info_table, 2, 0, 'Value', text_color=color.black, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.blue, 70)) // Key Momentum Indicators table.cell(info_table, 0, 1, 'MOMENTUM', text_color=color.purple, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.purple, 90)) table.cell(info_table, 1, 1, 'RSI Centered', text_color=color.purple, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 2, 1, str.tostring(rsi_centered, '0.00'), text_color=color.purple, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 0, 2, '', text_color=color.blue, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 1, 2, 'Stoch Centered', text_color=color.blue, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 2, 2, str.tostring(stoch_centered, '0.00'), text_color=color.blue, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 0, 3, '', text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 1, 3, 'Williams %R', text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 2, 3, str.tostring(williams_r, '0.00'), text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 0, 4, '', text_color=color.orange, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 1, 4, 'MACD Histogram', text_color=color.orange, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 2, 4, str.tostring(macd_histogram, '0.000'), text_color=color.orange, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 0, 5, '', text_color=color.green, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 1, 5, 'CCI', text_color=color.green, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 2, 5, str.tostring(cci, '0.00'), text_color=color.green, text_size=table_text_size) // Key Trend Indicators table.cell(info_table, 0, 6, 'TREND', text_color=color.navy, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.navy, 90)) table.cell(info_table, 1, 6, 'SMA Momentum %', text_color=color.navy, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 2, 6, str.tostring(sma_momentum, '0.00'), text_color=color.navy, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 0, 7, '', text_color=color.maroon, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 1, 7, 'EMA Momentum %', text_color=color.maroon, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 2, 7, str.tostring(ema_momentum, '0.00'), text_color=color.maroon, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 0, 8, '', text_color=color.teal, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 1, 8, 'SAR Trend', text_color=color.teal, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 2, 8, str.tostring(sar_trend, '0'), text_color=color.teal, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 0, 9, '', text_color=color.lime, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 1, 9, 'Linear Regression', text_color=color.lime, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 2, 9, str.tostring(lr_slope, '0.000'), text_color=color.lime, text_size=table_text_size) // Key Volatility Indicators table.cell(info_table, 0, 10, 'VOLATILITY', text_color=color.yellow, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.yellow, 90)) table.cell(info_table, 1, 10, 'ATR %', text_color=color.yellow, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 2, 10, str.tostring(atr_pct, '0.00'), text_color=color.yellow, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 0, 11, '', text_color=color.aqua, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 1, 11, 'BB Position', text_color=color.aqua, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 2, 11, str.tostring(bb_position, '0.00'), text_color=color.aqua, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 0, 12, '', text_color=color.olive, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 1, 12, 'KC Position', text_color=color.olive, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 2, 12, str.tostring(kc_position, '0.00'), text_color=color.olive, text_size=table_text_size) // Key Volume Indicators table.cell(info_table, 0, 13, 'VOLUME', text_color=color.blue, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.blue, 90)) table.cell(info_table, 1, 13, 'Volume ROC', text_color=color.blue, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 2, 13, str.tostring(vroc, '0.00'), text_color=color.blue, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 0, 14, '', text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 1, 14, 'EOM', text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 2, 14, str.tostring(eom_sma, '0.000'), text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size) // Key Oscillators table.cell(info_table, 0, 15, 'OSCILLATORS', text_color=color.purple, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.purple, 90)) table.cell(info_table, 1, 15, 'Awesome Osc', text_color=color.blue, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 2, 15, str.tostring(ao, '0.000'), text_color=color.blue, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 0, 16, '', text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 1, 16, 'Fisher Transform', text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size) table.cell(info_table, 2, 16, str.tostring(fisher, '0.000'), text_color=color.red, text_size=table_text_size) // Summary Statistics table.cell(info_table, 0, 17, 'SUMMARY', text_color=color.black, text_size=table_text_size, bgcolor=color.new(color.gray, 70)) table.cell(info_table, 1, 17, 'Total Indicators: 52', text_color=color.black, text_size=table_text_size) regime_color = rsi_centered > 10 ? color.green : rsi_centered < -10 ? color.red : color.gray regime_text = rsi_centered > 10 ? "BULLISH" : rsi_centered < -10 ? "BEARISH" : "NEUTRAL" table.cell(info_table, 2, 17, regime_text, text_color=regime_color, text_size=table_text_size) This makes it the perfect “indicator backbone” for quantitative and systematic traders who want to prototype, combine, and test new regime detection models—especially in combination with the Markov Chain indicator. How to use this script with the Markov Chain for research and backtesting: Add the Enhanced Indicator Export to your chart. Every calculated indicator is available as an individual data stream. Connect the indicator(s) you want as custom input(s) to the Markov Chain’s “Custom Indicators” option. In the Markov Chain indicator’s settings, turn ON the custom indicator mode. For each of the three custom indicator inputs, select the exported plot from the Enhanced Export script—the menu lists all 45+ signals by name. This creates a powerful, modular regime-detection engine where you can mix-and-match momentum, trend, volume, or custom combinations for advanced filtering. Backtest regime logic directly. Once you’ve connected your chosen indicators, the Markov Chain script performs regime detection (Bull/Neutral/Bear) based on your selected features—not just price returns. The regime detection is robust, automatically normalized (using Z-score), and outputs bias (1, -1, 0) for plug-and-play integration. Export the regime bias for programmatic use. As described above, use input.source() in your Pine Script strategy or system and link the bias output. You can now filter signals, control trade direction/size, or design pairs-trading that respect true, indicator-driven market regimes. With this framework, you’re not limited to static or simplistic regime filters. You can rigorously define, test, and refine what “market regime” means for your strategies—using the technical features that matter most to you. Optimize your signal generation by backtesting across a universe of meaningful indicator blends. Enhance risk management with objective, real-time regime boundaries. Accelerate your research: iterate quickly, swap indicator components, and see results with minimal code changes. Automate multi-asset or pairs-trading by integrating regime context directly into strategy logic. Add both scripts to your chart, connect your preferred features, and start investigating your best regime-based trades—entirely within the TradingView ecosystem. References & Further Reading Ang, A., & Bekaert, G. (2002). “Regime Switches in Interest Rates.” Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 20(2), 163–182. Hamilton, J. D. (1989). “A New Approach to the Economic Analysis of Nonstationary Time Series and the Business Cycle.” Econometrica, 57(2), 357–384. Markov, A. A. (1906). "Extension of the Limit Theorems of Probability Theory to a Sum of Variables Connected in a Chain." The Notes of the Imperial Academy of Sciences of St. Petersburg. Guidolin, M., & Timmermann, A. (2007). “Asset Allocation under Multivariate Regime Switching.” Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 31(11), 3503–3544. Murphy, J. J. (1999). Technical Analysis of the Financial Markets. New York Institute of Finance. Brock, W., Lakonishok, J., & LeBaron, B. (1992). “Simple Technical Trading Rules and the Stochastic Properties of Stock Returns.” Journal of Finance, 47(5), 1731–1764. Zucchini, W., MacDonald, I. L., & Langrock, R. (2017). Hidden Markov Models for Time Series: An Introduction Using R (2nd ed.). Chapman and Hall/CRC. On Quantitative Finance and Markov Models: Lo, A. W., & Hasanhodzic, J. (2009). The Heretics of Finance: Conversations with Leading Practitioners of Technical Analysis. Bloomberg Press. Patterson, S. (2016). The Man Who Solved the Market: How Jim Simons Launched the Quant Revolution. Penguin Press. TradingView Pine Script Documentation: www.tradingview.com TradingView Blog: “Use an Input From Another Indicator With Your Strategy” www.tradingview.com GeeksforGeeks: “What is the Difference Between Markov Chains and Hidden Markov Models?” www.geeksforgeeks.org What makes this indicator original and unique? - On‑chart, real‑time Markov. The chain is drawn directly on your chart. You see the current regime, its tendency to stay (self‑loop), and the usual next step (arrows) as bars confirm. - Source‑agnostic by design. The engine runs on any series you select via input.source() — price, your own oscillator, a composite score, anything you compute in the script. - Automatic normalization + regime mapping. Different inputs live on different scales. The script standardizes your chosen source and maps it into clear regimes (e.g., Bull / Bear / Neutral) without you micromanaging thresholds each time. - Rolling, bar‑by‑bar learning. Transition tendencies are computed from a rolling window of confirmed bars. What you see is exactly what the market did in that window. - Fast experimentation. Switch the source, adjust the window, and the Markov view updates instantly. It’s a rapid way to test ideas and feel regime persistence/switch behavior. Integrate your own signals (using input.source()) - In settings, choose the Source . This is powered by input.source() . - Feed it price, an indicator you compute inside the script, or a custom composite series. - The script will automatically normalize that series and process it through the Markov engine, mapping it to regimes and updating the on‑chart spheres/arrows in real time. Credits: Deep gratitude to @RicardoSantos for both the foundational Markov chain processing engine and inspiring open-source contributions, which made advanced probabilistic market modeling accessible to the TradingView community. Special thanks to @Alien_Algorithms for the innovative and visually stunning 3D sphere logic that powers the indicator’s animated, regime-based visualization. Disclaimer This tool summarizes recent behavior. It is not financial advice and not a guarantee of future results.
Indicatore Pine Script®
di Fractalyst
5
Top-Down Trend and Key Levels with Swing Points//by antaryaami0 Overview The “Top-Down Trend and Key Levels with Swing Points” indicator is a comprehensive tool designed to enhance your technical analysis by integrating multiple trading concepts into a single, easy-to-use script. It combines higher timeframe trend analysis, key price levels, swing point detection, and ranging market identification to provide a holistic view of market conditions. This indicator is particularly useful for traders who employ multi-timeframe analysis, support and resistance levels, and price action strategies. Key Features 1. Higher Timeframe Trend Background Shading: • Purpose: Identifies the prevailing trend on a higher timeframe to align lower timeframe trading decisions with the broader market direction. • How it Works: The indicator compares the current higher timeframe close with the previous one to determine if the trend is up, down, or ranging. • Customization: • Trend Timeframe: Set your preferred higher timeframe (e.g., Daily, Weekly). • Up Trend Color & Down Trend Color: Customize the background colors for uptrends and downtrends. • Ranging Market Color: A separate color to indicate when the market is moving sideways. 2. Key Price Levels: • Previous Day High (PDH) and Low (PDL): • Purpose: Identifies key support and resistance levels from the previous trading day. • Visualization: Plots horizontal lines at PDH and PDL with labels. • Customization: Option to show or hide these levels and customize their colors. • Pre-Market High (PMH) and Low (PML): • Purpose: Highlights the price range during the pre-market session, which can indicate potential breakout levels. • Visualization: Plots horizontal lines at PMH and PML with labels. • Customization: Option to show or hide these levels and customize their colors. 3. First 5-Minute Marker (F5H/F5L): • Purpose: Marks the high or low of the first 5 minutes after the market opens, which is significant for intraday momentum. • How it Works: • If the first 5-minute high is above the Pre-Market High (PMH), an “F5H” label is placed at the first 5-minute high. • If the first 5-minute high is below the PMH, an “F5L” label is placed at the first 5-minute low. • Visualization: Labels are placed at the 9:35 AM candle (closing of the first 5 minutes), colored in purple by default. • Customization: Option to show or hide the marker and adjust the marker color. 4. Swing Points Detection: • Purpose: Identifies significant pivot points in price action to help recognize trends and reversals. • How it Works: Uses left and right bars to detect pivot highs and lows, then determines if they are Higher Highs (HH), Lower Highs (LH), Higher Lows (HL), or Lower Lows (LL). • Visualization: Plots small markers (circles) with labels (HH, LH, HL, LL) at the corresponding swing points. • Customization: Adjust the number of left and right bars for pivot detection and the size of the markers. 5. Ranging Market Detection: • Purpose: Identifies periods when the market is consolidating (moving sideways) within a defined price range. • How it Works: Calculates the highest high and lowest low over a specified period and determines if the price range is within a set percentage threshold. • Visualization: Draws a gray box around the price action during the ranging period and labels the high and low prices at the end of the range. • Customization: Adjust the range detection period and threshold, as well as the box color. 6. Trend Coloring on Chart: • Purpose: Provides a visual cue for the short-term trend based on a moving average. • How it Works: Colors the candles green if the price is above the moving average and red if below. • Customization: Set the moving average length and customize the uptrend and downtrend colors. How to Use the Indicator 1. Adding the Indicator to Your Chart: • Copy the Pine Script code provided and paste it into the Pine Script Editor on TradingView. • Click “Add to Chart” to apply the indicator. 2. Configuring Inputs and Settings: • Access Inputs: • Click on the gear icon next to the indicator’s name on your chart to open the settings. • Customize Key Levels: • Show Pre-Market High/Low: Toggle on/off. • Show Previous Day High/Low: Toggle on/off. • Show First 5-Minute Marker: Toggle on/off. • Set Trend Parameters: • Trend Timeframe for Background: Choose the higher timeframe for trend analysis. • Moving Average Length for Bar Color: Set the period for the moving average used in bar coloring. • Adjust Ranging Market Detection: • Range Detection Period: Specify the number of bars to consider for range detection. • Range Threshold (%): Set the maximum percentage range for the market to be considered ranging. • Customize Visuals: • Colors: Adjust colors for trends, levels, markers, and ranging market boxes. • Label Font Size: Choose the size of labels displayed on the chart. • Level Line Width: Set the thickness of the lines for key levels. 3. Interpreting the Indicator: • Background Shading: • Green Shade: Higher timeframe is in an uptrend. • Red Shade: Higher timeframe is in a downtrend. • Gray Box: Market is ranging (sideways movement). • Key Levels and Markers: • PDH and PDL Lines: Represent resistance and support from the previous day. • PMH and PML Lines: Indicate potential breakout levels based on pre-market activity. • F5H/F5L Labels: Early indication of intraday momentum after market open. • Swing Point Markers: • HH (Higher High): Suggests bullish momentum. • LH (Lower High): May indicate a potential bearish reversal. • HL (Higher Low): Supports bullish continuation. • LL (Lower Low): Indicates bearish momentum. • Ranging Market Box: • Gray Box Around Price Action: Highlights consolidation periods where breakouts may occur. • Range High and Low Labels: Provide the upper and lower bounds of the consolidation zone. 4. Applying the Indicator to Your Trading Strategy: • Trend Alignment: • Use the higher timeframe trend shading to align your trades with the broader market direction. • Key Levels Trading: • Watch for price reactions at PDH, PDL, PMH, and PML for potential entry and exit points. • Swing Points Analysis: • Identify trend continuations or reversals by observing the sequence of HH, HL, LH, and LL. • Ranging Market Strategies: • During ranging periods, consider range-bound trading strategies or prepare for breakout trades when the price exits the range. • Intraday Momentum: • Use the F5H/F5L marker to gauge early market sentiment and potential intraday trends. Practical Tips • Adjust Settings to Your Trading Style: • Tailor the indicator’s inputs to match your preferred timeframes and trading instruments. • Combine with Other Indicators: • Use in conjunction with volume indicators, oscillators, or other technical tools for additional confirmation. • Backtesting: • Apply the indicator to historical data to observe how it performs and refine your settings accordingly. • Stay Updated on Market Conditions: • Be aware of news events or economic releases that may impact market behavior and the effectiveness of technical levels. Customization Options • Time Zone Adjustment: • The script uses “America/New_York” time zone by default. Adjust the timezone variable in the script if your chart operates in a different time zone. var timezone = "Your/Timezone" • Session Times: • Modify the Regular Trading Session and Pre-Market Session times in the indicator settings to align with the trading hours of different markets or exchanges. • Visual Preferences: • Colors: Personalize the indicator’s colors to suit your visual preferences or to enhance visibility. • Label Sizes: Adjust label sizes if you find them too intrusive or not prominent enough. • Marker Sizes: Further reduce or enlarge the swing point markers by modifying the swing_marker_size variable. Understanding the Indicator’s Logic 1. Higher Timeframe Trend Analysis: • The indicator retrieves the closing prices of a higher timeframe using the request.security() function. • It compares the current higher timeframe close with the previous one to determine the trend direction. 2. Key Level Calculation: • Previous Day High/Low: Calculated by tracking the highest and lowest prices of the previous trading day. • Pre-Market High/Low: Calculated by monitoring price action during the pre-market session. 3. First 5-Minute Marker Logic: • At 9:35 AM (end of the first 5 minutes after market open), the indicator evaluates whether the first 5-minute high is above or below the PMH. • It then places the appropriate label (F5H or F5L) on the chart. 4. Swing Points Detection: • The script uses ta.pivothigh() and ta.pivotlow() functions to detect pivot points. • It then determines the type of swing point based on comparisons with previous swings. 5. Ranging Market Detection: • The indicator looks back over a specified number of bars to find the highest high and lowest low. • It calculates the percentage difference between these two points. • If the difference is below the set threshold, the market is considered to be ranging, and a box is drawn around the price action. Limitations and Considerations • Indicator Limitations: • Maximum Boxes and Labels: Due to Pine Script limitations, there is a maximum number of boxes and labels that can be displayed simultaneously. • Performance Impact: Adding multiple visual elements (boxes, labels, markers) can affect the performance of the script on lower-end devices or with large amounts of data. • Market Conditions: • False Signals: Like any technical tool, the indicator may produce false signals, especially during volatile or erratic market conditions. • Not a Standalone Solution: This indicator should be used as part of a comprehensive trading strategy, including risk management and other forms of analysis. Conclusion The “Top-Down Trend and Key Levels with Swing Points” indicator is a versatile tool that integrates essential aspects of technical analysis into one script. By providing insights into higher timeframe trends, highlighting key price levels, detecting swing points, and identifying ranging markets, it equips traders with valuable information to make more informed trading decisions. Whether you are a day trader looking for intraday opportunities or a swing trader aiming to align with the broader trend, this indicator can enhance your chart analysis and trading strategy. Disclaimer Trading involves significant risk, and it’s important to understand that past performance is not indicative of future results. This indicator is a tool to assist in analysis and should not be solely relied upon for making trading decisions. Always conduct thorough research and consider seeking advice from financial professionals before engaging in trading activities.
Indicatore Pine Script®
di antaryaami0
1
Fine-Tune Inputs: Fourier Smoothed Hybrid Volume Spread AnalysisUse this Strategy to Fine-tune inputs for the HSHVSA Indicator. Strategy allows you to fine-tune the indicator for 1 TimeFrame at a time; cross Timeframe Input fine-tuning is done manually after exporting the chart data. I suggest using " Close all " input False when fine-tuning Inputs for 1 TimeFrame. When you export data to Excel/Numbers/GSheets I suggest using " Close all " input as True , except for the lowest TimeFrame. MEANINGFUL DESCRIPTION: The Fourier Smoothed Hybrid Volume Spread Analysis (FSHVSA) Strategy/Indicator is an innovative trading tool designed to fuse volume analysis with trend detection capabilities, offering traders a comprehensive view of market dynamics. This Strategy/Indicator stands apart by integrating the principles of the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and volume spread analysis, enhanced with a layer of Fourier smoothing to distill market noise and highlight trend directions with unprecedented clarity. This smoothing process allows traders to discern the true underlying patterns in volume and price action, stripped of the distractions of short-term fluctuations and noise. The core functionality of the FSHVSA revolves around the innovative combination of volume change analysis, spread determination (calculated from the open and close price difference), and the strategic use of the EMA (default 10) to fine-tune the analysis of spread by incorporating volume changes. Trend direction is validated through a moving average (MA) of the histogram, which acts analogously to the Volume MA found in traditional volume indicators. This MA serves as a pivotal reference point, enabling traders to confidently engage with the market when the histogram's movement concurs with the trend direction, particularly when it crosses the Trend MA line, signalling optimal entry points. It returns 0 when MA of the histogram and EMA of the Price Spread are not align. WHAT IS FSHVSA INDICATOR: The FSHVSA plots a positive trend when a positive Volume smoothed Spread and EMA of Volume smoothed price is above 0, and a negative when negative Volume smoothed Spread and EMA of Volume smoothed price is below 0. When this conditions are not met it plots 0. HOW TO USE THE STRATEGY: Here you fine-tune the inputs until you find a combination that works well on all Timeframes you will use when creating your Automated Trade Algorithmic Strategy. I suggest 4h, 12h, 1D, 2D, 3D, 4D, 5D, 6D, W and M. ORIGINALITY & USEFULNESS: The FSHVSA Strategy is unique because it applies DFT for data smoothing, effectively filtering out the minor fluctuations and leaving traders with a clear picture of the market's true movements. The DFT's ability to break down market signals into constituent frequencies offers a granular view of market dynamics, highlighting the amplitude and phase of each frequency component. This, combined with the strategic application of Ehler's Universal Oscillator principles via a histogram, furnishes traders with a nuanced understanding of market volatility and noise levels, thereby facilitating more informed trading decisions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION: My detailed description of the indicator and use cases which I find very valuable. What is the meaning of price spread? In finance, a spread refers to the difference between two prices, rates, or yields. One of the most common types is the bid-ask spread, which refers to the gap between the bid (from buyers) and the ask (from sellers) prices of a security or asset. We are going to use Open-Close spread. What is Volume spread analysis? Volume spread analysis (VSA) is a method of technical analysis that compares the volume per candle, range spread, and closing price to determine price direction. What does this mean? We need to have a positive Volume Price Spread and a positive Moving average of Volume price spread for a positive trend. OR via versa a negative Volume Price Spread and a negative Moving average of Volume price spread for a negative trend. What if we have a positive Volume Price Spread and a negative Moving average of Volume Price Spread? It results in a neutral, not trending price action. Thus the Indicator/Strategy returns 0 and Closes all long and short positions. In the next Image you can see that trend is negative on 4h, we just move Negative on 12h and Positive on 1D. That means trend/Strategy flipped negative . I am sorry, the chart is a bit messy. The idea is to use the indicator/strategy over more than 1 Timeframe. Use this Strategy to fine-tune inputs for the HSHVSA Indicator. (Strategy allows you to fine-tune the indicator for 1 TimeFrame at a time; cross Timeframe Input fine-tuning is done manually after exporting the chart data) I suggest using " Close all " input False when fine-tuning Inputs for 1 TimeFrame. When you export data to Excel/Numbers/GSheets I suggest using " Close all " input as True , except for the lowest TimeFrame. I suggest using 100% equity as your default quantity for fine-tune purposes. I have to mention that 100% equity may lead to unrealistic backtesting results. Be avare. When backtesting for trading purposes use Contracts or USDT.
Strategia Pine Script®
di AutomatedTradingAlgorithms
1